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Cornell University is an American private Ivy League research university
located in Ithaca, New York, United States. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and
Andrew Dickson White, the university was intended to teach and make
contributions in all fields of knowledge ¡ª from the classics to the sciences,
and from the theoretical to the applied. These ideals, unconventional for the
time, are captured in Cornell's motto, a popular 1865 Ezra Cornell quotation: "I
would found an institution where any person can find instruction in any study."1
The university is broadly organized into seven undergraduate colleges and seven
graduate divisions at its main Ithaca campus, with each college and division
defining its own admission standards and academic programs in near autonomy. The
university also administers two satellite medical campuses, one in New York City
and one in Education City, Qatar. Cornell is one of two private land grant
universities.note 1 Of its seven undergraduate colleges, three are
state-supported statutory or contract colleges, including its agricultural and
veterinary colleges. As a land grant college, it operates a cooperative
extension outreach program in every county of New York and receives annual
funding from the State of New York for certain educational missions.7 The
Cornell University Ithaca Campus comprises 745 acres, but in actuality, is much
larger due to the Cornell Plantations (more than 4,300 acres) as well as the
numerous university owned lands in New York.8
Since its founding, Cornell has
been a co-educational, non-sectarian institution where admission is offered
irrespective of religion or race. Cornell counts more than 245,000 living
alumni, 34 Marshall Scholars, 29 Rhodes Scholars and 41 Nobel laureates as
affiliated with the university.5910 The student body consists of nearly 14,000
undergraduate and 7,000 graduate students from all 50 American states and 122
countries.
Cornell continued to be a technological innovator applying its
research to its own campus as well as to outreach efforts. For example, it was
one of the first university campuses to use electricity to light the grounds
from a water-powered dynamo in 1883.14 Since 1894, Cornell has included
state-funded statutory colleges15 and has also administered research and
extension activities that have been jointly funded by state and federal matching
funds.16
Cornell has had active alumni since its earliest classes and was one
of the first universities to include alumni-elected representatives on its Board
of Trustees.note 2
Cornell expanded significantly, particularly since World
War II, with its student population in Ithaca growing to its current count of
about 20,000 students. The faculty also expanded, and by the century's end, the
university had about 3,000 faculty members.17 The school also increased its
breadth of course offerings. Today the university has wide-ranging programs and
offers more than 4,000 courses.18 Cornell received national attention in April
1969 when African American students occupied Willard Straight Hall in protest
over alleged racism.1920 The crisis resulted in the resignation of President
James A. Perkins and the restructuring of university governance.21
Since
2000, Cornell has been expanding its international programs. In 2004, the
university opened the Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar.22 It continues to
forge partnerships with major institutions in India, Singapore, and the People's
Republic of China.232425 Former president Jeffrey Lehman called the university,
with its high international profile, a "transnational university".26 On March 9,
2004, Cornell and Stanford laid the cornerstone for a new Bridging the Rift
Center located on the Israel¨CJordan border.
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